Short answer: As a rule, adhesive tapes do not need to be activated.
Pressure-sensitive adhesive tapes (PSA) do not require external activation via reaction, UV or chemicals. Their adhesion arises through wetting and adhesion/cohesion with sufficient contact, time and suitable conditions.
Exceptions! – Applications such as seals and sealing profiles may require either special primer systems or adhesive tapes activated by heat or moisture. The reason for this usually lies in the material pairing (e.g. LSE plastics) or functional requirements (tightness, ageing resistance).
Not all tapes are PSA. Heat- or moisture-activated systems are
used for certain functional layers (e.g. elastomer sealing systems,
semi-foaming structures, NVH damping systems).
Examples:
Heat-Activated Adhesives (HAA)
Adhesive only activates at >120–150 °C
Moisture-Cure-Tapes
React with air or component moisture
Latent adhesives
In laminates or bonding stacks
These systems are used specifically when PSA systems are insufficient for functional reasons (temperature, tightness, dynamic load, oil contact).
Sealing profiles in the automotive industry (doors, flaps, body joints, etc.) have two special features:
high restoring forces
Requirements for tightness, ageing, media resistance Primer systems are often used here — not to "fundamentally enable" bonding, but to:
to increase the surface energy locally
to ensure initial edge breakage
to increase ageing and media resistance
The strength of the adhesive bond depends on the contact that the tape has with the surface. A short, high pressure, e.g. with a pressure roller, ensures a good initial surface contact. One can assume an optimal pressure of approx. 10 - 50 N/cm² - depending on the material and geometry of the moulded part.
The higher the surface energy, the better a surface can be adhered to. Therefore, this should definitely be taken into account. A low surface energy can be improved with the help of a pre-treatment to enable optimal bonding.
If you want to know more about surface energy and its determination, we can recommend our blog article on this subject.